Plane Mirror
θᵢ = θᵣ, virtual image at same distance behind mirror
Mirror Reflection Calculator
Interactive ray tracing for plane and curved mirrors
Interactive ray diagram
Scroll to zoom • Drag to pan • Zoom: 100%
Results
Enter values and click Calculate to see the result.
Theory & Formula
Mirrors reflect light according to the law of reflection: the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
Mirror Types:
- Plane Mirror: Flat surface, produces virtual images of same size
- Concave Mirror: Converging mirror, focal point in front (f > 0)
- Convex Mirror: Diverging mirror, focal point behind (f < 0)
Mirror Equation: \(\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v}\)
where f = focal length, u = object distance (always positive), v = image distance (positive for real, negative for virtual), m = -v/u = magnification
\(\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v}, \quad m = -\frac{v}{u}\)
Worked Examples
Concave Mirror
Converging mirror, can form real or virtual images
Convex Mirror
Diverging mirror, always forms virtual, diminished images