Plane Mirror
\(\theta_i = \theta_r\), virtual image at same distance behind mirror
Mirror Reflection Calculator
Interactive ray tracing for plane and curved mirrors
Interactive Ray Diagram
Results
Enter values and click Calculate to see the result.
Theory & Formula
Mirrors reflect light according to the law of reflection: the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
Mirror Types:
- Plane Mirror: Flat surface, produces virtual images of same size
- Concave Mirror: Converging mirror, focal point in front (f > 0)
- Convex Mirror: Diverging mirror, focal point behind (f < 0)
Mirror Equation: \(\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v}\)
- \(f\) = focal length
- \(u\) = object distance (always positive)
- \(v\) = image distance (positive for real, negative for virtual)
- \(m = -\frac{v}{u}\) = magnification
\(\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v}, \quad m = -\frac{v}{u}\)
Worked Examples
Concave Mirror
Converging mirror, can form real or virtual images
Convex Mirror
Diverging mirror, always forms virtual, diminished images