Crown Glass Prism
\(A=60°, n_{\text{red}}=1.513, n_{\text{violet}}=1.532\), dispersion ≈ 2-3°
Prisma-Dispersions-Rechner
Erkunden Sie, wie Prismen weißes Licht in sein Regenbogenspektrum aufteilen. Berechnen Sie Ablenkung und Winkeldispersion
Prism Dispersion Visualization
White light enters the prism and separates into its spectrum colors (ROYGBIV). Violet light deviates the most.
Ergebnisse
Geben Sie Werte ein und klicken Sie auf Berechnen, um das Ergebnis zu sehen.
Theory & Formula
Dispersion is the phenomenon where white light separates into its component colors when passing through a prism.
Why Dispersion Occurs:
- Wavelength Dependence: Refractive index varies with wavelength
- Violet Light: Shorter wavelength (≈400nm), higher n, bends more
- Red Light: Longer wavelength (≈650nm), lower n, bends less
- ROYGBIV: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet
Deviation Through Prism:
- \(\delta = i_1 + e_2 - A\) (where \(e_2\) is emergence angle)
- Minimum deviation occurs when ray passes symmetrically
- At minimum deviation: \(i_1 = e_2\) and \(r_1 = r_2 = A/2\)
- \(\delta_{\text{min}} = 2i_1 - A\), and \(n = \frac{\sin[(A + \delta_{\text{min}})/2]}{\sin(A/2)}\)
Angular Dispersion:
- \(\Delta\delta = \delta_{\text{violet}} - \delta_{\text{red}}\)
- Depends on \((n_v - n_r)\) called dispersive power
- Flint glass has higher dispersion than crown glass
- Used in spectroscopy to analyze light composition
Applications:
- Rainbows (water droplets)
- Spectroscopy and spectrum analysis
- Optical instruments (spectrometers)
- Understanding atomic emission/absorption
\(\delta = i_1 + e_2 - A\)
Worked Examples
Flint Glass Prism
Higher dispersion, \(n_{\text{violet}}-n_{\text{red}} \approx 0.03\), creates wider spectrum
Rainbow Formation
Water droplets act as prisms, dispersing sunlight