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Scientific Notation & Significant Figures

Scientific notation is a way of expressing numbers that are too large or too small to be conveniently written in decimal form.

  • Format: a × 10^n where 1 ≤ |a| < 10
  • Positive exponent: Number is large (move decimal right)
  • Negative exponent: Number is small (move decimal left)
  • Significant figures: Digits that carry meaning in precision

Significant Figures Rules:

  • All non-zero digits are significant
  • Zeros between non-zero digits are significant
  • Leading zeros are not significant
  • Trailing zeros after decimal point are significant
\(a \times 10^n\) where \(1 \leq |a| < 10\)

Worked Examples

Large Number

\(1500 = 1.5 \times 10^3\)

Small Number

\(0.0025 = 2.5 \times 10^{-3}\)

Significant Figures

\(3.14159 \rightarrow 3.14\) (3 sig figs)
Scientific Notation Calculator | MathCalcLab | MathCalcLab